A scientific work has been published in Italy, which examines the relationship between the Vatican and the USSR, as well as the situation of the Roman Catholic Church in the Soviet Union and in the post-Soviet states in 1978-2005 – during the pontificate of John Paul II – one of the most prominent Popes in the history of Christianity. This work is written in Italian, it was the result of scientific research conducted mainly by the Gregorian University (Rome), as well as scientists from around the world. The author of one of its sections dedicated to Belarus is the head of the Department of Philosophy and Special Historical Disciplines, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor S.F. Veremeev.